Python
Python is a high-level, general language for the web. It’s one of the most popular, powerful, and universal programming tools perfect for many tasks – from web development to machine learning.Python brings the advantage of programmer productivity through its simple syntax and short code length.
MySQL
MySQL is the world’s most popular open-source relational database. It is easily accessible, free, easy to set up and learn.MySQL is a top choice for most backend developers for a database management system. It is also good for handling large databases and supports multiple users.
PHP
Hypertext Preprocessor, or PHP as popularly known, is a server-side scripting language and one of the most used programming languages for backend development.PHP has a low learning curve and the benefit of a massive codebase and long history of open-source developer community support for using PHP on the back end of websites. It is used to manage dynamic content, databases, tracking sessions, and build different websites.
Node.js
Node.js is a cross-platform, open-source, backend runtime environment that transforms JavaScript from a highly specialized web tool into a universal programming language for building cross-platform applications. It lets developers enjoy all JavaScript’s benefits without browser limitations and independently from external web servers. It uses an I / O version with no event-controlled blocking, making it light and fast.
Top Backend Development Frameworks
Django
Django is the most popular Python framework used in web development, a high-level python web framework built with Speed, Security, and Scalability at its core.It is built by more experienced developers to facilitate the application development process by taking away plenty of web development hassles. When building larger projects with Django, it allows you to harness the full power of the framework.
It widely used for developing FinTech apps, booking engines, and e-commerce applications due to greater security.
Express.js
Expressjs a go-to framework when using Node.js for backend development. Express.js is an adaptable and lightweight Node.js web app framework.It provides a set of functions for web and mobile applications. It is one of the best backend frameworks because it is easy to learn, provides exceptional performance and offers minimalistic functionalities.
Laravel
Laravel is an open-source web framework that follows the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern, making it easier for developers to start projects as they have their code better structured. Its official integrated development environment (IDE), Homestead, doesn’t require you to install a web server on your local machine.Ruby on Rails
Ruby on rails, commonly knowns as Rails is a server-side framework based on MVC architecture.Ruby on Rails is one of the most convenient frameworks to work with if you are just starting your web development journey because it is a beginner-friendly framework that is easy to understand and learn.
It also offers simple and natural syntax that helps the developers to cut down the coding time.
Flask
Flask is another python framework that you can use for backend development. It helps the developers keep the core of web applications extensible and straightforward. The framework is classified as a micro framework as it does not require particular tools or libraries.Flask is popularly called a “do it yourself” web framework with no database abstraction layer and standard functions provided by third-party libraries.
In summary, there are a lot of tools and frameworks out there for backend development but with these above you cannot do without them as a backend developer.